Saint James a Wonderful (d. AD 44; יעקב "Holder of the heel; supplanter"; Standard Hebrew Yaʿaqov, Tiberian Hebrew Yaʿăqōḇ), a boy of Zebedee and Salome and brother to St. John, was one of the disciples of Jesus. He is known as Saint James a Peachy to distinguish him from either a more apostles known as James (St. James the Less & James the Just). Saint James is described when one of a number one adherent to join Jesus. A version of the Synoptic Gospels states he was a fisher by using John once known as by Jesus; a Gospel of John differs, claiming the two brothers experienced been followers of John the Baptist. Based on data from Matthew (4:21-22), he and John were known as Boanerges, or even a "sons of Thunder".

Saint James and Spain
Saint James a Outstanding, a apostle, is does'nt to exist as confused by using andy skinner of the Epistle of James. St James is a brother of John, the sons of Zebedee. Though a Acts of the Apostles gives there is no hint of it, & though no act of the Patristic literature mentions it, many humans think that James attend Spain & preached Christianity there, establishing an Apostolic look at. Upon with an apparition of Saint Mary on a pillar at Caesaraugusta, he returned to Judea to meet her, where he was beheaded by King Herod Agrippa I in the year 44. A translation of his relics to Galicia in the northwest of Iberithe was effected, in legend, by a series of miraculous happenings: decapitated around Jerusalem using the blade by Herod Agrippthe himself, his immune system was taken higher by angels, & sailed within a undirected, unattended boat to Iria Flavia in Spain, where the massive rock closed as much as his relics at Compostela. A Historia Compostellana will bring the sum-up of the legend of St. James when it was believed at Compostela in the 12th century. 2 propositions come central to that: 1st, that St. James preached a gospel within Spain also when in a Holy L&; 2nd, that when his martyrdom at the paws of Herod Agrippa I personally his adherent carried his immune system by sea to Spain, in which it landed at Padrón on the coast of Galicia, and took it inland for burial at Santiago de Compostela.

An potentially down a road tradition states that he miraculously appeared to fight for the Christian army when you took the battle of Clavijo during the Reconquista, and was henceforward known as Matamoros (Moor-slayer). Santiago y cierra España ("St James and strike for Spain") has been a traditional battle cry of Spanish armies.

The similar miracle is related all about Saint Emilianus (san Millán).

a possibility that a cult of James was instituted to supplant the Galician cult of Priscillian (executed in 385) world health organization was widely venerated through a northerly of Spain as a martyr to the bishops like than as a heretic should non become overlooked. This was cautiously raised by Henry Chadwick in his book on Priscillian (Chadwick 1976); it is non a official Roman Catholic learn from. A Catholic Encyclopedia 1908, but, records "Although the tradition that James founded an apostolic see in Spain was current in the year 700, no certain mention of such tradition is to be found in the genuine writings of early writers nor in the early councils; the first certain mention we find in the ninth century, in Notker, a monk of St. Gall (Martyrologia, 25 July), Walafrid Strabo (Poema de XII Apostoli), and others." (The Blessed Notker died in 912.)

A tradition was non nemine contradicente admitted subsequently, patch many modern scholars, resulting L. Duchesne, reject it. A Bollandists however defended it (their Acta Sanctorum, July, VI and Sevener, gives more sources). A guide began to exist when manufactured from either a 9th century that, also as evangelizing within Spain, his person could keep close at hand been bring round Compostela. There are no sooner tradition web pages a burial of St James within Hispania. a rival tradition, pages the relics of the Apostle in the church of St-Saturnin at Toulouse, but these are non unlikely that such sacred relics should keep around been divided between 2 churches.

A legitimacy of the sacred relics of Compostela was asserted in the Bull of Pope Leo XIII, "Omnipotens Deus," of November 1, 1884. So a possibility that a relics at Santiago de Compostela predate a cult there of St James is no hanker open to discussion for believing Roman Catholics.

A Catholic Encyclopedia (1908) registered several "difficulties" or even bases for doubts of this tradition beyond a late appearance of the legend:

St James suffered martyrdom The.D. 44 (Acts 12:2), &, based on data from a tradition of the early Church, he got non eventually left Jerusalem at this instance (watch Clement of Alexandria, Stromateis, VI; Apollonius, quoted by Eusebius, Hist. Eccl. VI.18). St Paul around his Epistle to the Romans written after AD 44, verbalised a intention to visit Spain (15:24) getting good mentioned (15:20) that he did non "build upon another man's foundation."

A official tradition at Compostela positioned a discovery of the relics of the saint in the period of king Alfonso II (791-842) & of bishop Theodemir of Iria. These traditions were a basis for a pilgrim's journey route that began to exist as established in the 9th century, & the shrine dedicated to James at Santiago de Compostela, in Galicia in Spain, became the best known pilgrim's journey places in the Christian globe. St James's Way is a tree of routes that cross Western Europe and arrive at Santiago through Northern Spain. Sooner or later James became a patron saint of Spain.

A military Order of Santiago or caballeros santiaguistas was founded to fight the Moors & in the future membership became the preciously honour. Population such as Diego Velázquez longed for a royal favour that allowed to put on their clothes the red cross of St. James (a cross fleury fitchy).

A title "James" in English comes from "Iacobus" (Jacob) in Latin. Within eastern Spain, Jacobus became "Jacome" or even "Jaime"; around american Spain it became "Iago". "Saint James" ("Sanctus Jacobus") became "Sant' Iago", which was abbreviated to Santiago. This has every now and again been confused by owning San Diego, which is the Spanish name of Saint Didacus of Alcalá. James's emblem was a scallop shell (or "cockle shell"), & pilgrims to his shrine typically bore that symbol in their hats or even fabric. the French for a scallop is coquille St. Jacques, which means "cockle (or mollusk) of St. James", & that term as well refers to the method of cooking & serving the two, within the scale (really or even ceramic) in the creamy wine sauce. the German word for a scallop is Jakobsmuschel, which means "mussel (or clam) of St. James".